Natural History, Ecology, and Management of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), With Emphasis on the United States

Diamondback moth, <it>Plutella xylostella</it> (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), has become the most destructive insect pest of cruciferous vegetables (<it>Brassica oleracea</it> L.) worldwide, and is a continuing problem especially in the southern United States. Because of inconsistencies in individual control methods, inefficiencies and time demands of scouting, and the lack of clear thresholds, current management practices emphasize the prophylactic use of insecticides. Numerous other methods are available for the management of <it>P. xylostella</it> including host plant resistance, biological controls, cultural controls, behavioral management, and judicious use of insecticides. Past experience has shown that alone, none of these strategies will work sufficiently and insecticide misuse and resistance issues will likely continue. However, when used together, these tactics can complement each other and lead to a more sustainable system. Recent research focused on the molecular genetics and genomics of <it>P. xylostella</it> has dramatically increased our understanding of specific mechanisms controlling <it>P. xylostella</it> physiology and its interactions with plants. This has the potential to revolutionize the way we manage this pest. Here we summarize the natural history and ecology of diamondback moth and present options for its sampling and management. Additionally, we highlight recent research that may lead to a more integrated approach to managing this pest and the suite of other insect pests of <it>Brassica</it> crops.