Time-modulated array antennas – theory, techniques, and applications

This paper aims to present an up-to-date overview of the state-of-the-art about time-modulated arrays (TMAs). Starting from a description of the TMA fundamentals and basic theory in the time and frequency domain, the most popular techniques for synthesizing TMAs are revised. Afterwards, a survey of the main application contexts in which TMAs have been proposed is reported. Finally, current research trends are discussed and future developments envisaged.