Key result
Acute free-weight resistance exercise increases arterial stiffness and reduces vagal activity versus control.
Why the study?
Does an acute bout of free-weight resistance exercise increase arterial stiffness and alter autonomic modulation in resistance-trained individuals?
Does an acute bout of free-weight resistance exercise increase arterial stiffness and alter autonomic modulation in resistance-trained individuals?
An acute bout of free-weight resistance exercise transiently increases arterial stiffness and reduces vagal tone and baroreflex sensitivity in resistance-trained individuals.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Transient effects should not change exercise guidance; hypothesis-generating for chronic vascular impacts in clinical populations.
Kingsley, JD, Mayo, X, Tai, YL, and Fennell, C. Arterial stiffness and autonomic modulation after free-weight resistance exercises in resistance trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res 30(12): 3373-3380, 2016-We investigated the effects of an acute bout of free-weight, whole-body resistance exercise consisting of the squat, bench press, and deadlift on arterial stiffness and cardiac autonomic modulation in 16 (aged 23 ± 3 years; mean ± SD) resistance-trained individuals. Arterial stiffness, autonomic modulation, and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were assessed at rest and after 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 75% 1-repetition maximum on each exercise with 2 minutes of rest between sets and exercises. Arterial stiffness was analyzed using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV). Linear heart rate variability (log transformed [ln] absolute and normalized units [nu] of low-frequency [LF] and high-frequency [HF] power) and nonlinear heart rate complexity (Sample Entropy [SampEn], Lempel-Ziv Entropy [LZEn]) were measured to determine autonomic modulation. BRS was measured by the sequence method. A 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze time (rest, recovery) across condition (acute resistance exercise, control). There were significant increases in cf-PWV (p = 0.05), heart rate (p = 0.0001), normalized LF (LFnu; p = 0.001), and the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.0001). Interactions were also noted for ln HF (p = 0.006), HFnu (p = 0.0001), SampEn (p = 0.001), LZEn (p = 0.005), and BRS (p = 0.0001) such that they significantly decreased during recovery from the resistance exercise compared with rest and the control. There was no effect on ln total power, or ln LF. These data suggest that a bout of resistance exercise using free-weights increases arterial stiffness and reduces vagal activity and BRS in comparison with a control session. Vagal tone may not be fully recovered up to 30 minutes after a resistance exercise bout.
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Kingsley et al. (2016) studied Resistance-trained individuals (n=16). Acute bout of free-weight, whole-body resistance exercise (squat, bench press, deadlift) vs. Control session was evaluated on Arterial stiffness (cf-PWV) and cardiac autonomic modulation (p=0.05). An acute bout of free-weight resistance exercise significantly increased arterial stiffness (p=0.05) and reduced vagal activity and baroreflex sensitivity (p=0.0001) compared with a control session.
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