Key result
Women generally reported higher prodromal scores than men, with premenopausal and perimenopausal women reporting a greater number and frequency of symptoms.
Why the study?
Are there sex differences in the prodromal symptoms of acute coronary syndrome?
Cross-Sectional (n=76)
Are there sex differences in the prodromal symptoms of acute coronary syndrome?
This pilot study highlights significant sex differences in ACS presentation, with pre- and perimenopausal women experiencing more frequent and numerous prodromal symptoms than men or postmenopausal women.
May inform sex-specific ACS symptom awareness; hypothesis-generating pending larger studies.
Increasing evidence suggests that there are sex/gender differences in the presentation and prodromal symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The purpose of this pilot study was to identify sex differences in the prodromal symptoms of ACS using the McSweeney Acute and Prodromal Myocardial Infarction Symptom Survey (MAPMISS). Telephone surveys using the MAPMISS were conducted between 4 and 6 months after the ACS event. Seventy-six patients (24 women) participated in the study. The women generally reported higher prodromal scores. Moreover, scores demonstrated differences in prodromal symptoms based on menopausal status. The premenopausal and perimenopausal women reported a greater number and higher frequency of symptoms compared with the men and menopausal women. The results of this study suggest that both men and women report nontraditional prodromal symptoms of ACS. In addition, there appears to be a difference in the frequency and number of symptoms reported based on menopausal status.
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Norris et al. (2008) conducted a cross-sectional in Acute Coronary Syndrome (n=76). Female sex and menopausal status vs. Male sex was evaluated on Prodromal symptoms of ACS measured by the MAPMISS. Women generally reported higher prodromal scores than men, with premenopausal and perimenopausal women reporting a greater number and frequency of symptoms.
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