The microgrid is an essential component of developing a smart grid. It can improve reliability, costs, and penetration level of the distribution network. However, the protection system is adversely affected when using bi-directional or variable power flow connected with a microgrid and a rising penetration level of the distributed energy system. Therefore, a well-planned protection strategy is required to reduce the complexity of microgrids. This paper offers recent literature reviews for the continued operation of the hybrid AC/DC microgrid generation system. The main objective of this work is to focus on improving microgrid protection and safety databases of work from scratch. However, it also includes the current status of the research and main obstacles to the smooth operation of the microgrid system under various operating conditions. Additionally, this work mainly examines the intelligent devices and methods that change the current protection schemes. • Comprehensive review of protection strategies for hybrid AC/DC microgrids. • Critical analysis of protection challenges under bidirectional power flow. • Evaluation of AC, DC, and hybrid microgrid fault detection techniques. • Review of grounding systems, standards, and industrial protection practices. • Emerging role of AI-based intelligence in hybrid microgrid protection.
Tiwari et al. (Fri,) studied this question.