Left Atrial Thrombus in Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter Patients in Relation to Anticoagulation Strategy: LATTEE Registry

Figure 1. Oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter undergoing transesophageal echocardiography before cardioversion or ablation. (A): Presence and type of oral anticoagulation (n = 3107). (B): Dosing of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOAC) (n = 2259). (C): Oral anticoagulation in relation to indications to chronic anticoagulation (n = 3087). Legend: No indications to chronic anticoagulation: CHA2DS2-VASc 0 (if male) and 1 (if female). Class IIa indications to chronic anticoagulation: CHA2DS2-VASc 1 (if male) and 2 (if female). Class I indications to chronic anticoagulation: CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 (if male) and ≥3 (if female) or moderate-severe mitral stenosis or mechanical valve prosthesis; Reduced doses for rivaroxaban, dabigatran and apixaban were 15 mg o.d., 110 mg b.i.d. and 2.5 mg b.i.d., respectively. Only one patient in the rivaroxaban group received a reduced dose of 10 mg o.d. Only p-values of 0.05 or lower were shown for group comparisons; Abbreviations: NOAC, non-voitamin K oral anticoagulant; OAC, oral anicoagulation; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.

Figure 2. Prevalence of left atrial thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter undergoing transesophageal echocardiography before cardioversion or ablation. (A): Overall (n = 3109). (B): In patients on chronic oral anticoagulation (n = 2753). (C): In patients on standard doses of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOAC) (n = 1867). Legend: Only p-values of 0.05 or lower were shown for group comparisons. Abbreviations: NOAC, non-voitamin K oral anticoagulant; OAC, oral anicoagulation; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.

Figure 3. Risk of left atrial thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter in relation to oral anticoagulation. (A): Unadjusted. (B): Adjusted for age, sex, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease, and previous ischemic stroke/TIA/systemic embolism. (C): Adjusted for age, sex, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease, previous ischemic stroke/TIA/systemic embolism, atrial fibrillation/flutter type (non-paroxysmal vs. paroxysmal), glomerular filtration rate, and antiplatelets. (D): In patients on standard doses of NOACs. Adjusted for age, sex, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease, previous ischemic stroke/TIA/systemic embolism, atrial fibrillation/flutter type (non-paroxysmal vs. paroxysmal), glomerular ejection fraction, and antiplatelets. Abbreviations: CI, coincidence interval; NOAC, non-voitamin K oral anticoagulant; OAC, oral anicoagulation; OR, odds ratio; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.