Why the study?
Atherosclerosis affects patients with systemic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases at an increased rate, but cardiovascular imaging modalities that adequately assess its biological background have not reached widespread clinical adoption.
Novel cardiovascular imaging modalities have the potential to enhance the evaluation of atherosclerosis in patients with systemic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Advanced imaging may aid atherosclerosis assessment in immune-mediated diseases; leaves open need for prospective outcome trials before adoption.
Atherosclerosis affects patients with systemic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases at an increased rate compared with the general population. In recent years, our understanding of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis has advanced considerably. Nevertheless, cardiovascular imaging modalities that can adequately assess the biological background of atherosclerosis have not reached widespread clinical adoption. Novel developments in cardiac imaging have the potential to enhance the diagnostic yield of these modalities further while providing essential insights into the anatomy, composition, and biology of atherosclerotic lesions. In this review, we highlight some of the latest developments in the field for the evaluation of atherosclerosis using advances in echocardiography, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Additionally, we discuss evidence specifically in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and outline unmet research needs for future development.
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Markousis‐Mavrogenis et al. (2024) studied this question.
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