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The review aims to explore and summarize existing literature on the application of large language models in disease diagnosis.

June 9, 2025npj Artificial IntelligenceOpen Access

Large language models for disease diagnosis: a scoping review

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The review aims to explore and summarize existing literature on the application of large language models in disease diagnosis.
Conducted a comprehensive review of literature related to LLM-based disease diagnosis.
Examined various dimensions including disease types, clinical specialties, and LLM techniques used.
Assessed evaluation methods for LLM efficacy in clinical settings.
Identified critical gaps in understanding the diseases and clinical data applied to LLMs.
Highlighted the diversity of LLM techniques and evaluation methods currently in use.
Provided recommendations for future research directions and applications of LLMs in diagnostics.

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Scoping review highlights the potential of large language models for disease diagnosis, suggesting future directions.

Zhou et al. (2025) studied this question.

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