Verification of Biomechanical Analysis of Squat Variations in Individuals with Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

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• The study aims to verify biomechanical differences in squat techniques among women with non-specific chronic low back pain.
• Participants included 18 women without pain and 19 with chronic low back pain, for a total of 37 individuals.
• Fourteen motion analysis cameras and two force platforms were used to gather kinematic and kinetic data.
• A two-way mixed-design ANOVA was performed to compare groups and conditions, followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison for post-hoc analyses.
• The heel raise squat increased knee and ankle movements in the chronic low back pain group (p < .05).
• It reduced forward bending of the torso, suggesting better loading distribution to the lower limbs.
• Heel raise squat may serve as an effective intervention for redistributing load from the lumbar spine.

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