Key result
Sex and estrogen differences influence the biological pathways driving vascular and valvular calcification.
Why the study?
Understanding of calcification mechanisms under different biological contexts of sex and hormonal milieu remains rudimentary, despite high calcification being linked to increased morbidity and mortality in both sexes.
Design
Review
Authors
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Sex differences in calcification pathways merit inclusion in future studies; hypothesis-generating without immediate implications for clinical practice.
This review highlights the importance of understanding sex and hormonal differences in the mechanisms of cardiovascular calcification to develop targeted therapeutic strategies.
Zhang et al. (2019) conducted a review in Arterial and Valvular Calcification. Sex and Estrogen was evaluated. Sex and estrogen differences influence the basic biological pathways associated with vascular and cardiac valvular tissue calcification.
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