Key result
Underweight men with HF face ~1500% higher in-hospital mortality, an association not seen in women.
Why the study?
Nutritional status is related to length of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality in heart failure, but the prognostic impact relative to patient sex needed assessment.
Does underweight or risk of malnutrition increase in-hospital mortality in men and women with heart failure?
Cohort (n=809)
No
Does underweight or risk of malnutrition increase in-hospital mortality in men and women with heart failure?
Effect estimate: OR 15.978
p-value: p=0.007
Underweight and risk of malnutrition are strong independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in men with heart failure, but not in women.
AIMS: A nutritional status is related to the length of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality of patients with heart failure (HF). The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic impact of nutritional status and body mass index (BMI) on in-hospital mortality among patients with HF relative to their sex. METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a retrospective study and analysis of 809 medical records of patients admitted to the Institute of Heart Disease of the University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw (Poland). Women were statistically significantly older than men (74.67 ± 11.15 vs. 66.76 ± 17.78; P < 0.001). In unadjusted model, significant predictors of the odds of in-hospital mortality for men were underweight (OR = 14.81, P = 0.001) and the risk of malnutrition (OR = 8.979, P < 0.001). In the case of women, none of the traits analysed was significant. In age-adjusted model, significant independent predictors of the odds of in-hospital mortality in the case of men were BMI < 18.5 (OR = 15.423, P = 0.001) and risk of malnutrition (OR = 5.557, P = 0.002). In the case of women, none of the nutritional status traits analysed were significant. In multivariable-adjusted model in men, significant independent predictors of the odds of in-hospital mortality were BMI < 18.5 (OR = 15.978, P = 0.007) compared with having normal body weight and the risk of malnutrition (OR = 4.686, P = 0.015). In the case of women, none of the nutritional status traits analysed were significant. CONCLUSION: Both underweight and the risk of malnutrition are direct predictors of the odds of in-hospital mortality in men, but not in women. The study did not find a relationship between nutritional status and in-hospital mortality in women.
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Kwaśny et al. (2023) conducted a cohort in Heart failure (n=809). Underweight (BMI < 18.5) and risk of malnutrition vs. Normal body weight and no risk of malnutrition was evaluated on In-hospital mortality (OR 15.978, p=0.007). Underweight (BMI < 18.5) and risk of malnutrition independently predicted in-hospital mortality in men with heart failure (OR 15.978, P=0.007 and OR 4.686, P=0.015), but not in women.
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