Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system gender differences in an Afro-Caribbean population

Hypothesis / introduction: Prior studies have denoted gender differences in the expression and therapeutic benefits of hypertension treatment and clinical outcomes. This study documents for the first time gender differences in the expression of blood and urine angiotensin peptides in normotensive Afro-Caribbean Barbadians (25 males; 26 females). Materials and methods: Participants provided clinical anthropometric measurements, 24h ambulatory blood pressure and urine collections, and a blood sample for measurements of angiotensin peptides. Results: Plasma renin activity ranged between 0.00 and 3.00 ng/ml/h. Plasma and urinary Ang II were comparable in both genders, while urinary Ang-(1-7) was greater in females ( p<0.05). Urinary Ang-(1-7) and office systolic blood pressure correlated significantly in females only ( p<0.01), while plasma Ang-(1-7) and Ang II correlated significantly in both genders ( p>0.05). Conclusions: A shift in the balance between Ang II and Ang-(1-7) and their respective pressor and depressor axes might be markers of the cardio-renal protective mechanisms that may be present in females of Afro-Caribbean descent.