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May 17, 2026Contributions to Plasma Physics0 citationsOpen Access

Implementation of the E×B and Grad‐B Drift in the EMC3 Code and Verification Using the Method of Manufactured Solutions

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RWRuben De WolfFRF. ReimoldWDW. Dekeyser

Key Points

  • This study aims to enhance the EMC3 code by incorporating drift dynamics crucial for accurate plasma simulations.
  • Implemented E×B and Grad‐B drifts in the EMC3 code using the Method of Manufactured Solutions (MMS) in a cylindrical geometry.
  • Developed analytical or temperature‐based proxies for potential field to assess drift effects.
  • Ran simulations to verify numerical stability and convergence with particle numbers.
  • Simulations replicated expected drift‐induced transport, notably showing poloidal asymmetries and perpendicular fluxes.
  • The use of temperature proxies resulted in no accumulating statistical noise, indicating effective numerical stability.
  • The work establishes a foundational step for future integration of potential field computations and boundary conditions in EMC3.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Effective management of particle and power exhaust is essential for fusion reactor operation, requiring accurate 3D modeling of divertor physics. The EMC3 code is a well‐established Monte Carlo tool for plasma transport in stellarator edge regions, but until now lacked and diamagnetic drifts. This work presents and verifies a first implementation of these drifts in EMC3 using the Method of Manufactured Solutions (MMS) in a cylindrical test geometry. Building on earlier developments of gradient, divergence, and tracing schemes, the present work introduces drift terms employing analytical or temperature‐based proxies for the potential field. The simulations reproduce the expected drift‐induced transport, including perpendicular fluxes and poloidal asymmetries, and show the theoretical convergence with number of particles . Using the temperature as potential proxy does not lead to accumulating statistical noise, confirming numerical stability. This implementation marks a key step toward a fully self‐consistent treatment of plasma drifts in EMC3, paving the way for inclusion of potential field computation and boundary conditions.

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Cite This Study

Wolf et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a095c3f7880e6d24efe25f6https://doi.org/10.1002/ctpp.70137
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