Resource-Based Tourism and The SDGs: a Heritage Tourism Model from The Mataram Kingdom in Kotagede

Objective: The study aims to develop a heritage-based tourism package for the Mataram Kingdom in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, using a Resource-Based Tourism (RBT) approach to optimize historical and cultural resources into sustainable tourism products. Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in RBT and the Resource-Based View (RBV), emphasizing the role of valuable and irreplaceable cultural assets in creating sustainable competitive advantage. This framework integrates heritage preservation with visitor experience and aligns with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 11, SDG 8, SDG 4, and SDG 12. Method: A research and development (R&D) method was applied through stages of design, development, testing, and evaluation. Data were collected from historians, community leaders, artisans, tour guides, and tourism experts. Trial testing was conducted with Tourism Study Program students and lecturers to assess feasibility and visitor perceptions. Results and Discussion: The package successfully embedded historical narratives, rituals, architecture, culinary traditions, and cultural performances into an immersive tourism product. Findings indicate enhanced visitor engagement, cultural understanding, and community participation. The study demonstrates that RBT can integrate heritage preservation with innovative practices, contributing to sustainable tourism development. Originality/Value: This research extends the application of RBV to heritage tourism in Southeast Asia and introduces a replicable model for developing competitive and sustainable cultural tourism packages. The study provides empirical value by showing how heritage-based tourism can simultaneously preserve local identity, empower communities, and support SDG achievement.