Temporal trends and sociodemographic disparities in osteoarthritis prevalence among U.S. adults

Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2001 to 2023, involving 55,078 participants, reveals that the age-standardized prevalence of osteoarthritis among U.S. adults rose significantly from 9.9% to 14.1% ( P < 0.001). Although the rate peaked at 14.7% (95% CI, 13.9%–15.4%) during 2013–2016 and subsequently plateaued through 2023 ( P = 0.11), the overall two-decade trend shows a marked increase. This growth is particularly evident among individuals aged 65 or older, men, and those with higher education or income levels. Ultimately, the findings highlight a substantial disease burden that disproportionately affects non-Hispanic White women aged 45 and older within higher socioeconomic brackets, underscoring a persistent public health challenge despite the recent stabilization in prevalence rates. • Age-standardized OA peaked in 2013-2016 before leveling off. • Burden is highest for women, seniors, and non-Hispanic Whites. • Lower education and income correlate with lower OA prevalence. • Urgent equity policies are needed for older adults and women.