Glandular Odontogenic Cyst of the Maxilla: Clinical, Radiological, and Histopathological Insights

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare, locally aggressive developmental cyst predominantly affecting the mandible, with maxillary involvement being uncommon. Here, we report a case of a 76-year-old patient presenting with cystic lesions in the right maxilla after molar extraction. Radiographs revealed well-defined unilocular radiolucencies causing cortical thinning. Surgical enucleation and histopathology showed characteristic mucous cell differentiation, microcyst formation, and absence of features typical of other odontogenic cysts. Accurate diagnosis was challenging due to overlapping features with odontogenic keratocyst and central mucoepidermoid carcinoma; however, it was aided by special staining. Complete surgical removal with long-term radiological follow-up is essential due to the high recurrence risk. This case report underscores the importance of thorough histopathological evaluation to differentiate GOC from other cysts and tumors, especially in unusual locations.