Glandular Odontogenic Cyst of the Maxilla: A Rare Case Report With Literature Review

Background: Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare developmental jaw cyst, accounting for less than 0.5% of all odontogenic cysts. Histologically, it exhibits glandular or salivary-like epithelial differentiation, often leading to diagnostic confusion with entities such as lateral periodontal cysts, dentigerous or radicular cysts with mucous metaplasia, and central mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Its clinical relevance lies in its aggressive behavior and propensity for recurrence. A 34-year- Case Presentation: old male presented with a painless, fluctuant swelling in the left maxillary region. Radiographic evaluation revealed a well-circumscribed, unilocular radiolucency extending from teeth 22 to 28, associated with buccal cortical perforation and root resorption. Diagnosis And Intervention: The lesion was managed by complete enucleation along with the surgical extraction of teeth #26, #27, and #28 under general anesthesia. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of GOC, demonstrating hallmark features such as mucous cells, hobnail epithelial cells, intraepithelial duct-like spaces, and epithelial spheres. Postoperative recovery Outcome And Follow-up: was uneventful. The patient is currently under scheduled long-term surveillance, given the lesion's known risk of recurrence. GOC poses a significant Conclusion: diagnostic challenge due to its overlapping clinical, radiographic, and histological features with other odontogenic and salivary gland lesions. A meticulous histopathological evaluation is imperative for accurate diagnosis, and prolonged follow-up is essential to detect potential recurrence.