Key result
New-onset PE after cancer diagnosis is linked to ~126% higher MACCE incidence vs no PE.
Why the study?
Patients with cancer have an increased risk of pulmonary embolism, but the long-term cardiovascular outcomes of cancer patients who subsequently develop pulmonary embolism remain inadequately characterized.
Does new-onset pulmonary embolism after cancer diagnosis increase the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events compared to cancer patients without pulmonary embolism?
Cohort (n=500,876)
Does new-onset pulmonary embolism after cancer diagnosis increase the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events compared to cancer patients without pulmonary embolism?
Absolute Event Rate: 69.57% vs 30.76%
p-value: p=<0.001
New-onset pulmonary embolism after a cancer diagnosis is associated with a significantly increased long-term risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, mortality, heart failure, and stroke.
High MACCE incidence after new-onset PE in cancer patients; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before guiding decisions.
Rationale Patients with cancer are at increased risk for pulmonary embolism (PE), which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the long-term cardiovascular outcomes of cancer patients who subsequently develop PE remain inadequately characterized. Objectives To investigate the long-term cardiovascular outcomes of patients with new-onset PE after cancer diagnosis, specifically major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Methods We conducted a prospective cohort analysis using data from 500,876 participants in the UK Biobank, stratifying into four groups: no cancer/no PE (n = 425,328), no cancer/PE (n = 6,675), cancer/no PE (n = 65,486), and cancer before PE (n = 2,714). Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed for survival analysis, and multivariate Cox regression was applied to determine hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for key demographic and clinical factors. Results Over an average follow-up of 12.99 years, the incidence of MACCE was significantly higher among patients with new-onset PE after cancer diagnosis (69.57%), compared to cancer patients without PE (30.76%; p < 0.001). Mortality (62.45% vs. 24.76%), heart failure (8.14% vs. 3.63%), stroke (5.71% vs. 2.83%), and bleeding events (9.14% vs. 5.60%) were all significantly increased in the PE group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified specific cancer type, including pancreatic, lung, colon rectum and kidney/renal/pelvis, as well as baseline factors including age at diagnosis of cancer, obesity, and Townsend deprivation index, as significant independent risk factors for developing PE among cancer patients. Conclusion New-onset PE after cancer diagnosis significantly worsens long-term cardiovascular outcomes, highlighting the critical need for vigilant cardiovascular monitoring and tailored preventive strategies in oncology care, particularly for patients with high-risk cancers.
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Zhang et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in New-onset pulmonary embolism after cancer diagnosis (n=500,876). New-onset PE after cancer diagnosis vs. Cancer patients without PE was evaluated on Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (p=<0.001). New-onset pulmonary embolism after cancer diagnosis significantly increased the incidence of MACCE compared to cancer patients without PE (69.57% vs. 30.76%; p < 0.001).
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