A chromosome-level genome assembly of the waterlily aphid Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae Linnaeus

The waterlily aphid (Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae Linnaeus; WLA) is a polyphagous pest that inflicts considerable damage on both fruit trees and cultivated aquatic plants. In this study, we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly for WLA, produced by integrating PacBio long reads and Hi–C scaffolding. The assembled genome is 322.79 Mb in size, with a scaffold N50 of 94.06 Mb, and is anchored to four chromosomes. BUSCO completeness reached 97.2% (95.9% single-copy, 1.3% duplicated). Repeat elements account for 20.48% (67.82 Mb) of the genome, and 14,872 protein-coding genes were annotated. This high-quality assembly of R. nymphaeae serves as a valuable genetic resource for exploring the genomic basis of the molecular mechanisms of cross-host adaptation in WLA and offers valuable resources for functional research and pest control.