Displaced universities in Ukraine: Challenges and optimal development models

Abstract The article investigates two cases of displaced universities facing challenges after a new phase of Russia's aggression against Ukraine in February 2022. We analyse prospects for displaced universities. Also, we identify models suitable for developing and reinventing universities, aligning their activities with wartime needs and allowing them to play a transformative role during post‐war recovery. Four modern university models were investigated: (1) a traditional university model where the dominating social missions are (I) teaching and learning, and (II) research; (2) a civic university model where the mission to serve society and community engagement (a third social mission ; III) is equally as important as the first and second missions; (3) an open university allowing for open access for diverse groups of learners to personal and professional development. We also analyse a European Universities model (4). The fourth model aims at pooling resources and boosting cooperation between several universities and non‐academic institutions. The purpose of the fourth model is to enhance excellence in education, research and innovation in specific subject areas. It also facilitates internationalisation and community service at the local, national and global levels. The civic university was identified as the optimum model for advancing the development of displaced universities. Similarly, a combination of features from the models analysed can be an appropriate solution to ensure a sustainable development of displaced universities during wartime and post‐war recovery. Based on research findings we formulate policy recommendations on the following topics: a review of the missions and strategies of displaced universities, and the launch of the Programme in Support of Displaced Universities. Also, the recommendation to develop crisis management plans at the national and institutional levels to ensure multilevel readiness for future emergencies is discussed.