Key result
Mathematical modeling shows limb BCG waveforms capture aortic blood pressure dynamics and CV risk predictors.
Why the study?
Limited insights into the physical implications of the limb ballistocardiogram have hampered disciplined interpretation and systematic development of ballistocardiogram-based approaches for cardiovascular health monitoring.
This mathematical model provides physical insights into limb ballistocardiogram waveforms, potentially enabling more robust and interpretable non-invasive cardiovascular monitoring.
May inform non-invasive aortic monitoring; leaves open prospective validation before clinical use.
By virtue of its direct association with the cardiovascular (CV) functions and compatibility to unobtrusive measurement during daily activities, the limb ballistocardiogram (BCG) is receiving an increasing interest as a viable means for ultra-convenient CV health and disease monitoring. However, limited insights on its physical implications have hampered disciplined interpretation of the BCG and systematic development of the BCG-based approaches for CV health monitoring. In this study, a mathematical model that can predict the limb BCG in responses to the arterial blood pressure (BP) waves in the aorta was developed and experimentally validated. The validated mathematical model suggests that (i) the limb BCG waveform reveals the timings and amplitudes associated with the aortic BP waves; (ii) mechanical filtering exerted by the musculoskeletal properties of the body can obscure the manifestation of the arterial BP waves in the limb BCG; and (iii) the limb BCG exhibits meaningful morphological changes in response to the alterations in the CV risk predictors. The physical insights garnered by the analysis of the mathematical model may open up new opportunities toward next generation of the BCG-based CV healthcare techniques embedded with transparency, interpretability, and robustness against the external variability.
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Yousefian et al. (2019) studied Cardiovascular health monitoring. Mathematical model of limb ballistocardiogram was evaluated on Limb BCG waveform responses to arterial blood pressure waves. A mathematical model demonstrated that limb ballistocardiogram waveforms reveal timings and amplitudes of aortic blood pressure waves and exhibit morphological changes to CV risk predictors.
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