Treated hypertensive men had impaired survival and increased cardiovascular mortality compared with non-hypertensive men over 22-23 years, with no increased risk of cancer (8.9% vs 10.8%).
Observational (n=7,496)
Does stepped care treatment for hypertension normalize long-term survival compared to non-hypertensive men?
Despite treatment and good blood pressure control, hypertensive men have worse long-term survival and higher cardiovascular mortality than normotensive men after the first decade of follow-up.
Abstract Objective : To compare survival and cause specific mortality in hypertensive men with non-hypertensive men derived from the same random population, and to study mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular diseases in the hypertensive men in relation to effects on cardiovascular risk factors during 22-23 years of follow up. Design : Prospective, population based observational study. Subjects and methods : 686 hypertensive men aged 47-55 at screening compared with 6810 non-hypertensive men. The hypertensive men were having stepped care treatment with eitherβ adrenergic blocking drugs, thiazide diuretics, or combination treatment. Mortality, morbidity, and adverse effects were registered at yearly examinations and from death certificates. Main outcome measures : All cause mortality and cause specific mortality. Results : Treated hypertensive men had significantly impaired probability of total survival as well as survival from coronary heart disease and stroke. All cause mortality as well as coronary heart disease and stroke mortality were very similar in hypertensive men and normotensive men during the first decade, but increased steadily thereafter despite continuous good blood pressure control. Smoking, signs of target organ damage, and high serum cholesterol levels, but not blood pressure at screening, were significantly related to the incidence of coronary heart disease during follow up. In time dependent Cox's regression analysis, the incidence of coronary heart disease was significantly related only to serum cholesterol concentrations in the study. Cancer mortality was almost similar in treated hypertensive men (61/686, 8.9%) and non-hypertensive men (732/6810, 10.8%). Conclusion : Treated hypertensive men had impaired survival and increased mortality from cardiovascular disease compared with non-hypertensive men of similar age. These differences were observed during the second decade of follow up. During an observation period of 22-23 years —about 15 000 patient years—hypertensive men receiving diuretics and β blockers had no increased risk of cancer or non-cardiovascular disease.
Andersson et al. (1998) conducted an observational in Hypertension (n=7,496). Stepped care treatment (beta blockers, thiazide diuretics, or combination) vs. Non-hypertensive men was evaluated on All cause mortality and cause specific mortality. Treated hypertensive men had impaired survival and increased cardiovascular mortality compared with non-hypertensive men over 22-23 years, with no increased risk of cancer (8.9% vs 10.8%).