Why the study?
Although cardiovascular disease risk differs between men and women, current therapy does not consider sexual dimorphism in anatomical structures and tissue metabolism.
This review emphasizes the need to incorporate sexual dimorphism and diabetes status into the risk assessment and diagnostic evaluation of coronary atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease.
Supports sex-specific CVD risk assessment in diabetes; leaves open prospective validation before diagnostic changes.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are the main cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Although it is well known that there is a difference in the risk of these diseases in women and men, current therapy does not consider the sexual dimorphism; i.e., differences in anatomical structures and metabolism of tissues. Here, we discuss how genetic, epigenetic, hormonal, cellular or molecular factors may explain the different CVD risk, especially in high-risk groups such as women with diabetes. We analyze whether sex may modify the effects of diabetes at risk of CAD. Finally, we discuss current diagnostic techniques in the evaluation of CAD and IHD in diabetic women.
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Madonna et al. (2019) studied this question.
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