Key result
Elevated galectin-3 predicts ICD-requiring ventricular arrhythmias with 84% sensitivity in ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.
Why the study?
MRI detects scar tissue causing ventricular arrhythmias in ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy but is not feasible for screening or in ICD recipients; galectin-3 is secreted by scar tissue.
Are elevated Galectin-3 levels associated with a history of ventricular arrhythmias requiring ICD therapies in patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy?
Case-Control (n=51)
Are elevated Galectin-3 levels associated with a history of ventricular arrhythmias requiring ICD therapies in patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy?
Galectin-3 levels >7 ng/ml may serve as a biomarker to identify patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy who are at higher risk for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May support Gal-3 for arrhythmia risk stratification in ischemic cardiomyopathy; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.
Ventricular arrhythmias are caused by scar tissue in patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. The gold standard imaging technique for detecting scar tissue is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, MRI is not feasible for use as a screening test, and also cannot be used in patients who have received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). In this study, we aimed to assess the association between levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3), which is known to be secreted by scar tissue, and the history of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy who received an ICD. Nineteen healthy controls and 32 patients who had previously undergone VVI-ICD implantation due to ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: the first group including patients who had received no ICD therapies, the second including patients with arrhythmia requiring therapies with no arrhythmia storm, and the third including patients who had arrhythmia storm. We assessed the association between Gal-3 levels and the history of ventricular arrhythmias in these patients. Gal-3 levels were significantly higher in the patient groups than in the control group (p<0.01). Gal-3 levels of patients with arrhythmias requiring ICD therapies were significantly higher than in patients with ICD not requiring therapies (p=0.02). They were also higher in patients with a history of arrhythmia storm than in patients without shocks (p=0.05). Receiver operating curve analysis showed with 84% sensitivity and 75% specificity that Gal-3 levels over 7 ng/ml indicated ventricular arrhythmia that required therapies. Gal-3 may be used to further improve risk stratification in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy who are more prone to developing life-threatening arrhythmias. Em doentes com miocardiopatia isquémica dilatada as arritmias ventriculares são causadas por tecidos cicatriciais. O gold standard das técnicas de imagem na deteção de fibrose é a ressonância magnética (RM). No entanto, esta não é viável como teste de rastreio e também não pode ser utilizada em muitos doentes com cardioversor desfibrilhador implantável (CDI). Neste estudo, pretendemos avaliar a associação entre o nível de Galectina-3 (Gal-3), que é secretada por tecidos cicatriciais, e a história de arritmias ventriculares em doentes com miocardiopatia isquémica dilatada com CDI implantado. Dezanove casos controlo saudáveis e 32 doentes, previamente submetidos a implantação de CDI-VVI por miocardiopatia isquémica dilatada, foram incluídos. Os doentes foram divididos em três grupos. O primeiro grupo incluiu doentes que não se submeteram a tratamento. O segundo grupo incluiu doentes com arritmias que necessitaram de tratamento mas sem tempestade arritmica. O último grupo incluiu doentes com tempestades arrítmicas. Avaliámos a associação entre os níveis de Gal-3 e a história de arritmias ventriculares naqueles doentes. O nível de Gal-3 foi significativamente mais elevado no grupo de doentes do que no grupo controlo (<0,01). Os níveis de Gal-3 nos doentes com arritmias que necessitaram de tratamento com CDI foram significativamente mais elevados do que nos doentes com CDI que não necessitaram de tratamento (p: 0,02). Os níveis de Gal-3 foram mais elevados nos doentes com detempestade arrítmica do que nos doentes sem choques (p: 0,05). Verificámos nas análises ROC, com sensibilidade de 84% e com especificidade de 75%, que níveis de Gal-3 acima de 7 ng/mL são preditores de arritmia ventricular que requer tratamento. A Gal-3 pode ser utilizada para melhorar a estratificação de risco em doentes com miocardiopatia isquémica dilatada, identificando os doentes com maior propensão a desenvolver arritmias ventriculares malignas.
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Erdoğan et al. (2021) conducted a case-control in Ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (n=51). Galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels vs. Healthy controls and patients without ICD therapies was evaluated on History of ventricular arrhythmias requiring ICD therapies (84% sensitivity and 75% specificity (cutoff >7 ng/ml), p=0.02). Galectin-3 levels over 7 ng/ml predicted ventricular arrhythmias requiring ICD therapies with 84% sensitivity and 75% specificity in patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.
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