Study of the association of the status of professional employment with the cardiovascular risk profile in patients with ischemic heart disease

The high mortality rate from Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) determines the relevance of studying its risk factors. The aim of the study was to establish the relationship between professional employment and the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors, such as: type II diabetes, arterial hypertension, excess body weight, smoking, and hypodynamic. The study included patients with CHD who underwent coronary bypass surgery on a working heart. The total number of people in the sample was 3494 people, the average age of the patients was [53,8±0,8] years. The research design is based on the patient's age group according to the WHO age classification. The relationship between occupational employment and leading cardiovascular risk factors was calculated using the Odds Ratio (OR) and Relative Risk (RR). As a result of studying the connection of professional employment, as a leading factor of a person's socio-economic status, it was established that professional employment was associated with a reduction in the risk of: smoking by 0.82 times compared to non-working patients (OR=0.82; 95% CI: 0.71–0.94, RR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.84–0.97, p=0.004, χ2=8.29) and with the presence of hypodynamic 0.73 times (OR=0.73; 95% CI: 0.61–0.87, RR=0.78; 95% CI: 0.68–0.89, p=0.0004, χ2=12.66). It was determined that professional employment was associated with an increased risk of: arterial hypertension by 1.48 times (OR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.27–1.73, RR=1.12; 95% CI: 1.07–1.17, p=0.0001, χ2=25.67) and with type II diabetes in 1.17 times (OR=1.17; 95% CI: 0.98–1.39, RR=1.13; 95% CI: 0.99–1.30, p=0.07, χ2= 3.16). As a result of the study, it was found that the frequency of professionally employed persons among patients with coronary artery disease was 41.2%. It was determined that among professionally employed patients with CHD, the risk was higher for the following cardiovascular factors: arterial hypertension by 1.48 times and type II diabetes by 1.17 times.