In-Hospital Mortality Following Tracheostomy in Very Preterm Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Japanese Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study

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This study aims to detail in-hospital mortality and clinical factors related to death in very preterm infants undergoing tracheostomy due to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Conducted a retrospective analysis using a national inpatient database in Japan.
Included infants born at <32 weeks gestational age or <1500 g birth weight requiring tracheostomy due to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Applied multivariable Cox regression models to assess risk factors for in-hospital death.
Out of 294 infants analyzed, 47 (16.0%) died post-tracheostomy.
Median age at tracheostomy was 174 days, with a median survival post-surgery of 125 days.
Prolonged-steroid-exposed BPD had aHR of 3.08 (95% CI, 1.35-6.99) and BPD/PHT had aHR of 5.93 (95% CI, 2.89-12.17) associated with mortality.

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Retrospective cohort study examines in-hospital mortality in preterm infants post-tracheostomy, indicating significant clinical factors.

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Ikuta et al. (2026) studied this question.

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