This review summarizes the physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacological inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, highlighting its established benefits in managing hypertension, heart failure, atherosclerotic disease, and kidney disease.
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Affirms RAAS inhibition in hypertension and HF; leaves open optimization of novel agents in resistant disease.
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a complex regulator comprising hormones, proteins, and enzymes. The discovery of the RAAS and its pharmacological manipulation has been essential in the management of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Beyond the benefits of hypertension, RAAS inhibition has implications for heart failure, atherosclerotic disease, and kidney disease. This review discusses the history and mechanism of RAAS inhibition, cardiovascular benefits, affordability, and potential future pharmacological therapies.
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Patel et al. (2025) studied this question.
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