Analysis of atrioventricular function and myocardial strain in hypertensive heart disease: a CMR-based study

Fig. 1. Delineation of AV myocardial strain. To deal with the left ventricular myocardial strain, the left ventricular endocardial and epicardial borders should be delineated in the short axis (a), the long axis four-chamber heart (b), and the long axis two-chamber heart (c). For myocardial strain analysis, the endocardial and epicardial borders of the right ventricle was delineated on the short-axis and long-axis four-chamber heart images (a, b). The longitudinal strain of the left atrium was used to delineate the endocardial and epicardial membranes on the long-axis 2-chamber and four-chamber cardiac images (d, e). The strain of the right atrium was delineated on the long-axis four-chamber heart image (f).

Fig. 2. Comparison of atrioventricular strain between groups. Boxplots represent the median and interquartile range for LV Global strain (a), RV Global strain (b), LA longitudinal strain (c), RA longitudinal strain (d). GLS global longitudinal strain, GRS global radial strain, LA left atrial, LV left ventricular, RA right atrial, RV right ventricular, εS the total strain, εe the passive strain, εa the active strain.

Fig. 3. The correlation between functional parameters of atrial and ventricular. Red indicates a positive correlation, blue indicates a negative correlation, and the numbers in the squares are the correlation coefficients with p < 0.05. The LV functional parameters were moderately correlated with the RV functional parameters and LAEF, while the functional parameters of RA were essentially uncorrelated with those of LV, LA, and RV. LV left ventricular, LA left atria, RA right atria, RV right ventricle, EF ejection fraction, LVH left ventricular hypertrophy, LVMI left ventricular mass index, LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVEDVI left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, RVEDV right ventricle end-diastolic volume, RVEDVI right ventricle end-diastolic volume index, LAEF left atria ejection fraction, LAV left atria volume, LAVI left atria volume index, RAEF right atria ejection fraction, RAV right atria volume, RAVI right atria volume index.

Fig. 4. Correlation of myocardial strain parameters in each compartment. Red indicates a positive correlation, blue indicates a negative correlation, and the numbers in the squares are the correlation coefficients with p < 0.05. The LV strain parameters were moderately correlated with LA and RV strain parameters. GCS global circumferential strain, GLS global longitudinal strain, GRS global radial strain, LA left atrial, LV left ventricular, RA right atrial, RV right ventricular, εS the total strain, εe the passive strain, εa the active strain.