Key result
Higher admission heart rate linked to ~3% greater mortality risk per bpm in AIDS inpatients.
Why the study?
Elevated resting heart rate is associated with poor outcomes in HIV/AIDS, but its specific association with short-term mortality required investigation.
Cohort (n=2,188)
No
In hospitalized patients with AIDS, resting heart rate at admission exhibits a U-shaped association with 60-day all-cause mortality, with the lowest risk observed at approximately 90 bpm.
May refine short-term prognosis assessment in AIDS inpatients; leaves open causal role of heart rate and need for interventional trials.
BACKGROUND: An elevated resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with poor outcomes in both healthy individuals and those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study aimed to investigated the association between on admission resting heart rate (RHR) and 60-day mortality. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated the effect of RHR on the 60-day mortality of patient with AIDS in Southeast China. A total of 2188 patients with AIDS admitted for the first time between January 2016 and December 2021 were included. The RHR was categorized into tertiles. Disease progression was estimated using 60-day mortality rates. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the RHR with disease progression, and a two-piecewise Cox regression model was used to reveal the RHR effect at admission on 60-day mortality. RESULTS: We observed a U-shape relationship between RHR and 60-day mortality. For a above 90 bpm, the 60-day mortality rose rapidly with a multivariable adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.032 (95% confidence interval [CI 1.016-1.048, P < 0.001). Below the threshold, 60 days mortality decreased as the RHR increased to 90 bpm with a multivariate-adjusted OR of 0.943 (95% CI 0.904-0.984, P = 0.0065). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified a U-shape relationship between RHR and 60-day mortality in HIV/AIDS patients. Further research is needed to characterize the role of RHR in the timely prevention of mortality in HIV/AIDS patients.
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Huang et al. (2024) conducted a cohort in AIDS (n=2,188). Resting heart rate (RHR) at admission vs. RHR < 90 bpm was evaluated on 60-day all-cause mortality (OR 1.032, 95% CI 1.016-1.048, p=<0.001). On-admission resting heart rate exhibited a U-shaped relationship with 60-day all-cause mortality in AIDS inpatients, with mortality risk increasing significantly for heart rates above 90 bpm (OR 1.032).
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