Key result
Neuromodulatory approaches, including non-invasive and percutaneous autonomic modulation, are promising alternative strategies that may be combined with conventional pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
Neuromodulatory approaches, such as autonomic modulation, are promising emerging therapies that may be combined with conventional pulmonary vein isolation for the management of atrial fibrillation.
In this review, the authors describe evolving alternative strategies for the management of AF, focusing on non-invasive and percutaneous autonomic modulation. This modulation can be achieved – among other approaches – via tragus stimulation, renal denervation, cardiac afferent denervation, alcohol injection in the vein of Marshall, baroreceptor activation therapy and endocardial ganglionated plexi ablation. Although promising, these therapies are currently under investigation but could play a role in the treatment of AF in combination with conventional pulmonary vein isolation in the near future.
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Rodríguez‐Mañero et al. (2021) conducted a review in Atrial Fibrillation. Neuromodulatory approaches (e.g., tragus stimulation, renal denervation, vein of Marshall ethanol infusion, ganglionated plexi ablation) vs. Conventional pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was evaluated. Neuromodulatory approaches, including non-invasive and percutaneous autonomic modulation, are promising alternative strategies that may be combined with conventional pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
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