Atrial Fibrillation Ablation with a Novel Fully 3D-Mapping-Integrated Multi-Electrode Radiofrequency Balloon Catheter

Figures

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  Figure 1. Visualization of the novel multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter in the 3D-mapping system. The screenshot of the CARTO 3D-mapping system shows the multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter (RFBC) in two different views.

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  Figure 2. Esophagoscopic images of endoscopically detected esophageal lesions. Images of all five endoscopically detected esophageal lesions in patients with significant esophageal temperature rise (n = 35) during pulmonary vein isolation with the novel radiofrequency balloon catheter. (A) Type 2a lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 44 °C during ablation of the LIPV, (B) type 1 lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 44 °C during ablation of the LIPV, (C) type 2a lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 45 °C during ablation of the LIPV, (D) type 1 lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 46 °C during ablation of the LSPV, (E) type 2a lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 46 °C during ablation of the LIPV. LSPV = left superior pulmonary vein; LIPV = left inferior pulmonary vein.

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  Figure 3. Recurrence-free survival after pulmonary vein isolation. Kaplan–Meier graph of the recurrence-free survival after pulmonary vein isolation with the novel multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter after a 3-month blanking period in the overall group (n = 171). Recurrence-free survival after 12 months was 81.9% in the overall cohort.

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  Figure 4. Distribution of the pulmonary vein reconnections. Overview of the reconnected pulmonary veins after first-time pulmonary vein isolation with the after first-time PVI with the novel multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter detected in remapping procedures (n = 20). The number of reconnected pulmonary veins is depicted in a schematic illustration of a left atrium. LSPV = left superior pulmonary vein; LIPV = left inferior pulmonary vein; MV = mitral valve; RSPV = right superior pulmonary vein; RIPV = right inferior pulmonary vein.

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  Figure 5. Recurrence-free survival after pulmonary vein isolation in the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation subgroup and the persistent atrial fibrillation subgroup. Kaplan–Meier graph of the recurrence-free survival after pulmonary vein isolation with the novel multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter in the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation subgroup (n = 108) and the persistent atrial fibrillation subgroup (n = 63) after a 3-month blanking period. Recurrence-free survival after 12 months was 83.4% in the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation subgroup and 78.7% in the persistent atrial fibrillation subgroup. AF, atrial fibrillation.