Key result
HIIT yields ~1.1 mL/kg/min less CRF improvement in females with CAD compared to males.
Why the study?
Females typically achieve smaller cardiorespiratory fitness improvements than males after exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation, and sex differences following high-intensity interval training in coronary artery disease remain unknown.
Does high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improve cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health indicators differently between sexes in adults with coronary artery disease?
Meta-Analysis (n=939)
Does high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improve cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health indicators differently between sexes in adults with coronary artery disease?
Effect estimate: MD -1.10 (95% CI -2.08 to -0.12)
p-value: p=0.03
While females with CAD achieve smaller absolute improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness after HIIT compared to males, relative improvements are similar, highlighting the need for greater female representation in cardiac rehabilitation trials.
Females with CAD may need sex-tailored HIIT dosing in rehab; extends evidence for greater female inclusion in future trials.
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Way et al. (2021) conducted a meta-analysis in Coronary artery disease (CAD) (n=939). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. Males (for sex differences) or Control was evaluated on Absolute change in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) between females and males (MD -1.10, 95% CI -2.08 to -0.12, p=0.03). Females with CAD achieved significantly smaller absolute improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness after HIIT compared to males (MD -1.10 mL·kg-1⋅min-1; 95% CI -2.08 to -0.12; P=0.03).
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