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My intent is to suggest how the degree to which organizational roles are defined is important for the extent and speed of social change. I shall propose three ideal types of administrative organization which are distinguished by the degree of definition of their administrative roles and sets of roles. The three types are: 1) underdefined, in which role expectations of administrative behavior are not well spelled out; 2) well-defined, in which administrative roles are explicitly and coherently defined; and 3) over-defined, in which role expectations cannot be satisfied by role incumbents. Thus, I disregard the now popular distinction between formal and informal organization and approach the study of social behavior which is inconsistent with well-defined (Type II) roles by introducing two additional ideal types of organization instead.The question I am posing isHow do these three types of organization differ in their implications for vitality and change?The sources and indices of vitality and change on whi...
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Andrew Frank (1963) studied this question.
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