Key result
Higher total plasma free fatty acids linked to increased apelin gene expression in VAT.
Why the study?
Apelin plays an intermediary role in obesity and insulin resistance and can be modified by dietary intake, but its association with plasma fatty acid composition required evaluation.
Cross-Sectional (n=179)
Effect estimate: STZ β 0.241
p-value: p=0.006
Circulating plasma free fatty acids, particularly saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, are positively associated with apelin gene expression in visceral adipose tissue, suggesting a regulatory role in obesity and insulin resistance.
No clinical action warranted from this association; leaves open a regulatory role for FFAs in adipose apelin expression.
Background . Apelin is an adipokine with an intermediatory role in obesity and insulin resistance, which can be modified by dietary intake. Aims . In this study, we aimed to determine the association of the plasma fatty acid composition with apelin plasma concentration and gene expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues. Methods . In this cross‐sectional study, we recruited 179 patients aged 19‐75 years who were candidates for elective surgery. Through the surgery, SAT and VAT were collected to measure apelin gene expression. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples, and dietary intakes were collected before surgery. Free fatty acids (FFAs) in fasting whole plasma were measured using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Linear regression models were used to estimate standardized β (STZ β ) showing the association of individual and total FFAs with apelin gene expression after adjustment for potential confounding variables. Results . In multivariable analysis, we observed a significant positive association of total plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) (STZ β = 0.241, P = 0.006), saturated fatty acid (SFA) (STZ β = 0.336, P < 0.001), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (STZ β = 0.313, P < 0.001) concentrations with apelin gene expression from VAT after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), physical activity, and energy intake. In the SFA family, there was a direct association with plasma concentration of myristic acid (STZ β = 0.372, P < 0.001), pentadecanoic acid (STZ β = 0.252, P = 0.002), and heptadecanoic acid (STZ β = 0.407, P < 0.001) with apelin mRNA expression in VAT. There was no significant association between FFAs and apelin plasma concentration and SAT mRNA levels. Conclusions . In conclusion, circulating plasma FFAs, SFA, and MUFA had a positive association with apelin gene expression in VAT. It seems that plasma fatty acid composition may regulate apelin gene expression in VAT.
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Yuzbashian et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in candidates for elective surgery (n=179). Plasma free fatty acids was evaluated on apelin gene expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues (STZ β 0.241, p=0.006). Total plasma free fatty acids were positively associated with apelin gene expression in visceral adipose tissue (STZ β 0.241, P=0.006).
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