Key result
High central arterial stiffness linked to ~56% greater risk of incident AF.
Why the study?
Stiff arteries increase left ventricular end-systolic workload and may provide a substrate for AF, but whether central arterial stiffness measured by cfPWV is associated with incident AF required investigation.
Does central arterial stiffness measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity predict incident atrial fibrillation in community-dwelling older adults?
Cohort (n=3,882)
Yes
Does central arterial stiffness measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity predict incident atrial fibrillation in community-dwelling older adults?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Both low and high central arterial stiffness, as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, are associated with an increased risk of incident atrial fibrillation in older adults.
BACKGROUND: Stiff arteries increase left ventricular (LV) end-systolic workload, leading over time to left atrial and ventricular remodeling, and providing the substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF) development. We investigated if carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of central arterial stiffness, is associated with incident AF. METHODS: In 2011-2013, cfPWV was measured in 3882 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Cohort Study (ARIC) without prevalent AF. Participants were followed through 2017 for the incidence of AF. Individuals were categorized in cfPWV quartiles based on visit measurements. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association of cfPWV with incident AF. RESULTS: Mean age was 75 years (SD 5), 60% were female and 20% were African American. Over a median follow-up of 5.5 years we identified 331 incident cases of AF. cfPWV demonstrated U-shaped associations with AF risk. In models adjusted for age, race, center, sex, education levels, and hemodynamic and clinical factors, hazard ratios (HR) of AF for participants in the first, third and fourth quartiles were 1.49 (95% CI 1.06, 2.10), 1.59 (1.14, 2.10), and 1.56(1.10, 2.19), respectively, compared to those in the second quartile. CONCLUSION: Among community-dwelling older adults, low and high central arterial stiffness is associated with AF risk.
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Almuwaqqat et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Atrial fibrillation (n=3,882). High central arterial stiffness (cfPWV 4th quartile) vs. Low-normal central arterial stiffness (cfPWV 2nd quartile) was evaluated on Incident atrial fibrillation (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.10, 2.19). High central arterial stiffness (highest quartile of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity) increased the risk of incident atrial fibrillation by 56% compared to the second quartile.
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