Hypertension mediates the association between weight-adjusted waist index and new onset stroke risk in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: evidence from the CHARLS study

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flowchart illustrating the selection process of study participants. WWI, weight-adjusted waist index; CHARLS, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

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  Figure 2. Association of WWI and the risk of stroke using a multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spines model. (A) Total participants; (B) participants with normal blood pressure; (C) participants with pre-hypertension; (D) participants with hypertension. Model 1: Unadjusted. Model 2: Adjusted for age, gender, education level, marriage status, drinking status, smoking status. Model 3: Model 2 with additional adjustment for creatinine, BUN, eGFR, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. WWI, weight-adjusted waist index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio, CI, confidence interval.

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  Figure 3. Stratified analysis of WWI and risk of stroke. Model 1: Unadjusted. Model 2: Adjusted for age, gender, education level, marriage status, drinking status, smoking status. Model 3: Model 2 with additional adjustment for creatinine, BUN, eGFR, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. WWI, weight-adjusted waist index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio, CI, confidence interval.

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  Figure 4. ROC curve analysis to evaluate the predictive performance of different anthropometric indicators on stroke risk. Model 1: Unadjusted. Model 2: Adjusted for age, gender, education level, marriage status, drinking status, smoking status. Model 3: Model 2 with additional adjustment for creatinine, BUN, eGFR, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. WWI, weight-adjusted waist index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; ROC, receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC, area under the curve.

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  Figure 5. ROC curve analysis to evaluate the predictive performance of WWI for stroke across different blood pressure states. Model 1: Unadjusted. Model 2: Adjusted for age, gender, education level, marriage status, drinking status, smoking status. Model 3: Model 2 with additional adjustment for creatinine, BUN, eGFR, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. WWI, weight-adjusted waist index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; ROC, receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC, area under the curve.

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  Figure 6. Mediation effect analysis of hypertension in the association between WWI and stroke. Model 1: Unadjusted. Model 2: Adjusted for age, gender, education level, marriage status, drinking status, smoking status. Model 3: Model 2 with additional adjustment for creatinine, BUN, eGFR, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. WWI, weight-adjusted waist index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio, CI, confidence interval.