Key result
DASH diet participants maintained lower systolic blood pressure increases at 12 months compared to controls (+3.12 vs +5.33 mm Hg) despite increased sodium intake (P=0.04 for interaction).
Why the study?
Does prior adherence to the DASH diet and sodium restriction improve long-term blood pressure and dietary patterns after discontinuation of the feeding intervention in participants of the DASH-Sodium trial?
Observational (n=56)
No
Does prior adherence to the DASH diet and sodium restriction improve long-term blood pressure and dietary patterns after discontinuation of the feeding intervention in participants of the DASH-Sodium trial?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
The DASH diet provides sustained blood pressure benefits and lasting dietary behavior changes up to 12 months after the cessation of a controlled feeding intervention.
BACKGROUND: We conducted a 12-month follow-up study on participants in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium trial to determine the impact of the DASH diet and 150, 100, or 50 mmol/day of sodium after discontinuation of the feeding intervention. METHODS: Upon completion of the trial, 56 of the 113 participants at the clinical center at Duke University entered a longitudinal observational study. Measurements including 24-h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), weight, and 24-h urinary electrolytes were obtained at 1, 6, and 12 months after completion of the DASH-Sodium trial. Block food frequency questionnaires were completed at the 12-month visit. Linear mixed-effects regression models were used to analyze the effect of the diet and sodium intake on longitudinal changes in BP during the final feeding period. RESULTS: The DASH participants significantly increased their intakes of fruits or juices and vegetables at 12 months. Control participants had no change in DASH food group intake. Both groups increased sodium intake. Among control participants, systolic and diastolic BP increased 5.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28, 10.37) and 3.20 mm Hg (95% CI 0.25, 6.16), respectively. Among DASH participants, systolic and diastolic BP increased 3.12 (95% CI -0.44, 6.68) and 0.79 mm Hg (95% CI -1.15, 2.72), respectively. There was a significant effect of the final sodium level by diet on the change in SBP over time (P = .04 for three-way interaction among diet, time of visit, and sodium). CONCLUSIONS: After the feeding intervention, DASH diet participants ate more fruits/vegetables and had sustained reductions in BP despite increased sodium intake.
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Ard et al. (2004) conducted an observational in Hypertension (n=56). DASH diet vs. Control diet was evaluated on Longitudinal changes in systolic blood pressure (p=0.04). DASH diet participants maintained lower systolic blood pressure increases at 12 months compared to controls (+3.12 vs +5.33 mm Hg) despite increased sodium intake (P=0.04 for interaction).
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