Key result
Depression, anxiety, and inflammatory markers are not linked to cardiovascular mortality in HFrEF and HFmrEF.
Why the study?
Patients with HF have higher rates of depression and anxiety than the general public, but their relationship with inflammatory markers, survival, and hospitalization in HFrEF and HFmrEF needed investigation.
Are depression, anxiety, and inflammatory markers associated with survival and hospitalization in patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF?
Cohort (n=122)
Are depression, anxiety, and inflammatory markers associated with survival and hospitalization in patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF?
Effect estimate: HR 1.00 (95% CI 0.97-1.03)
p-value: p=0.819
In patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF, anxiety and elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are predictive of future hospitalizations, though not mortality.
No independent link to CV mortality in HFrEF/HFmrEF tempers prognostic use; leaves open roles in hospitalization risk.
Aim: Patients with heart failure (HF) have greater rates of depression and anxiety than the general public. The researchers wanted to investigate if there was a relationship between depression, anxiety, and inflammatory markers, as well as survival and hospitalization, in HF patients with reduced and mildly reduced ejection fractions (HFrEF and HFmrEF). Materials and methods: This prospective research comprised 122 consecutive individuals having a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 50%. The inflammatory system was investigated using the specific markers. Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scales (HAM-D and HAM-A) were used to diagnose of depression and anxiety. Results: The median duration of follow-up was 36.4 months. Non-survivors had lower glomerular filtration rate, LVEF, and blood sodium levels than survivors, while they were older. Age, LVEF, and GFR are independent predictors for mortality. No independent relation was found between depression, anxiety, inflammatory parameters and mortality. Anxiety was found as independent predictors for hospitalization. Conclusion: Anxiety, depression, and inflammatory conditions indicators were not associated with mortality in people with HFrEF and HFmrEF. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and anxiety were found as independent predictors for hospitalization.
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Küçük et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Heart failure with reduced and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF and HFmrEF) (n=122). Depression, anxiety, and inflammatory markers vs. Patients without depression/anxiety or with lower inflammatory markers was evaluated on Cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.97-1.03, p=0.819). Depression, anxiety, and inflammatory markers were not independently associated with cardiovascular mortality in patients with reduced and mildly reduced ejection fraction heart failure.
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