Why Aren't Girls Better at Maths? A Review of Research

Summary The truism that boys are better than girls in mathematics has been challenged in recent years. In this review, evidence for discrepancies in performance is examined. Arguments suggesting that spatial ability is a primary genetic factor in mathematical achievement are considered, as are arguments based on social conditioning. It is concluded that, although spatial ability may affect performance, girls' diminishing achievement can largely be accounted for in social terms. Attitudes, rooted in the cultural milieu and reinforced by society, are probably the determining factor in whether or not girls succeed in mathematics.