Peripartum cardiomyopathy: An unusual but significant form of heart failure

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition that should be promptly diagnosed and correctly treated. We report a case of PPCM diagnosed in postoperative period. The patient presented with pedal edema, difficulty in respiration, palpitation and epigastric discomfort. Electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia and poor R wave progression. Echocardiography showed severely impaired left ventricular function with ejection fraction (EF) <15%. Cardiologic drugs were given and the patient was discharged in asymptomatic condition. As shortness of breath, fatigue and pedal edema are common in the peripartum period, a high index of suspicion is required so as not to miss the diagnosis. Measurement of natriuretic peptide and echocardiography are recommended to promptly diagnose or exclude PPCM. Early diagnosis is important and effective treatment reduces mortality rates and increases the chance of recovery of ventricular systolic function. The important role of education and counselling around breast feeding and future pregnancy is emphasized.