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May 12, 2025JAMA Network OpenOpen Access

First-Generation and Low-Income Students in the National Medical Student Body

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Authors

SKSophia C. KamranIPIsabella R. PompaHNHillary Brenda Nguyen

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Overview

Cross-sectional study finds declining representation and increased attrition among first-generation and low-income US medical students, highlighting workforce diversity disparities.

Key Points

  • To evaluate longitudinal trends and attrition rates among first-generation and low-income allopathic US medical school matriculants from 2002 through 2015, examining intersections with racial and ethnic groups.
  • Conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 256,513 allopathic US medical school matriculants using Association of American Medical Colleges Matriculating Student Questionnaire data from 2002 to 2015.
  • Compared parental income distribution with the US general population for 2002, 2008, and 2015.
  • Utilized multivariable logistic regression modeling to evaluate the association of parental income, underrepresented in medicine (URIM) status, and first-generation status with medical school attrition.
  • The proportion of first-generation medical matriculants declined from 8.7% in 2002 to 7.1% in 2015, while the top 5% of US household incomes remained disproportionately overrepresented among non-first-generation students (21.1% in 2002, 31.5% in 2008, and 26.4% in 2015).
  • First-generation medical students experienced a 2.1% lower graduation rate compared to non-first-generation peers.
  • The likelihood of not graduating was significantly higher for low-income students (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.60-1.84), URIM students (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.98-2.17), and first-generation students (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.47-1.67).

Cite This Study

Kamran et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a11dcfec031bb6829a5753chttps://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9769
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