Cytokine Profile of Myocardial Cells in Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

In the present work, we carried out a comparative analysis of myocardial cytokine profile in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) associated with CHD. The concentrations of 41 cytokines secreted by 24-hour myocardial tissue culture intraoperatively sampled from the right atrial auricle (RAA, control) and peri-infarct left ventricular zone (PZ-LV) were determined by flow fluorimetry using a multiplex test system. The aim was to study in vitro cytokine profile of myocardial cells to search for possible predictors of adverse outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with CHD and ICMP. Myocardial secretion of proinflammatory molecules GM-CSF and IFN-γ increased significantly (up to 78-80 pg/g, p0.05) in patients with ICMP associated with CHD in contrast to zero values in CHD. At the same time, there was a three-fold decrease in the concentration of fractalkin 3 ligand (Flt-3L; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand). A decrease in Flt-3L secretion was observed in the PZ-LV in comparison with the RAA. In addition, compared with RAA, concentrations of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), platelet-derived growth factor-AB/BB (PDGFAB/BB), interleukins IL-15 and IL-4, and a regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES; CCL5) were strongly reduced in PZ-LV myocardial tissue culture. Differences in the course of CHD and ICMP are discussed, and possible predictors of surgical treatment risk in patients of the two groups are suggested using correlation and regression analyses. Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-5, IL-6) and chemokines (Flt-3L, IL-8), as well as angiogenesis factors (VEGF) and angiostasis (IP-10), are proposed to be considered as potential markers of adverse outcome of surgical treatment of cardiovascular disease.