Plasma Reactive Dicarbonyls Are Not Independently Associated With Arterial Stiffness: The Maastricht Study

Figures

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  Figure 1.. Flow diagram delineating the selection of the study population. Abbreviation: cfPWV, carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity.

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  Figure 2.. Association between methylglyoxal and stiffness measurements, and their pressure-corrected counterparts. Regression results are presented as standardized βs (95% CIs). Model 1 is the crude model; model 2 = crude model + age, sex, and glucose metabolism status; model 3 = model 2 + mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean heart rate (HR) during vascular measurements, and use of antihypertensive drugs; model 4 = model 3 + body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, use of lipid-modifying medication, fasting triglycerides and total-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, alcohol use, history of CVD, estimated glomerular filtration rate and Dutch Healthy Diet index. Abbreviations: cfPWV, carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity; cPWV, carotid pulse wave velocity; cYEM, carotid Young’s elastic modulus.

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  Figure 3.. Association between glyoxal and carotid stiffness measurements and their pressure-corrected counterparts. Regression results are presented as standardized βs (95% CIs). Model 1 is the crude model; model 2 = crude model + age, sex, and glucose metabolism status; model 3 = model 2 + mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean heart rate (HR) during vascular measurements, and use of anti-hypertensive drugs; model 4 = model 3 + body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, use of lipid-modifying medication, fasting triglycerides and total-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, alcohol use, history of CVD, estimated glomerular filtration rate and Dutch Healthy Diet index. Abbreviations: cfPWV, carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity; cPWV, carotid pulse wave velocity; cYEM, carotid Young’s elastic modulus.

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  Figure 4.. Association between 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) and carotid stiffness measurements and their pressure corrected counterparts. Regression results are presented as standardized βs (95% CIs). Model 1 is the crude model; model 2 = crude model + age, sex, and glucose metabolism status; model 3 = model 2 + mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean heart rate (HR) during vascular measurements, and use of anti-hypertensive drugs; model 4 = model 3 + body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, use of lipid-modifying medication, fasting triglycerides and total-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, alcohol use, history of CVD, estimated glomerular filtration rate and Dutch Healthy Diet index. Abbreviations: cfPWV, carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity; cPWV, carotid pulse wave velocity; cYEM, carotid Young’s elastic modulus.