Key result
Foot-and-mouth disease review highlights severe economic impact across Asia and urges proactive vaccine development.
Why the study?
Foot-and-mouth disease virus threatens the Asian livestock sector and economy, with ongoing serotype evolution anticipated to trigger outbreaks in endemic regions.
This review highlights the prevalence and impact of Foot-and-mouth disease in Asia, emphasizing the need for preventive measures and vaccine development.
Reinforces regional biosecurity priorities; leaves open optimal vaccine platforms for Asia-endemic strains.
• The presence of FMDV in Asian countries threatens and collapses the livestock sector due to its detrimental impact on the economy and agriculture. • Ongoing evolution of various FMDV serotypes is anticipated to trigger numerous outbreaks with concurrent infections in endemic regions. • Preventive measures vital; vaccine development challenge; precautionary management is crucial in Asia. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious transboundary disease prevalent across the Asian continent, affecting both wild and domestic artiodactyls. The disease is caused by a virus belonging to the Aphthovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family which is categorized into seven serotypes: C, O, A, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, and Asia1. The virus spreads through direct and indirect contact, including semen, meat, fomites, ingestion, and aerosols. FMD has a severe economic impact due to the high morbidity and mortality, especially in young animals. Prevention of the disease relies on vaccination with the prevalent serotype(s) or the slaughter and destruction of affected animals. This review discusses the prevalence of various FMD virus (FMDV) serotypes across Asia, along with the transmission modes, pathogenesis, immune response, and immune suppression by FMDV. Additionally, the review explores FMD diagnosis, prevention, and control strategies, and highlights future opportunities for research aimed at developing strain-specific viral and bacterial combined vaccines.
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Rahman et al. (2024) conducted a review in Foot-and-mouth disease. This review highlights the prevalence, transmission, and severe economic impact of Foot-and-mouth disease across Asia, emphasizing the crucial need for precautionary management and vaccine development.
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