Why the study?
Foot-and-mouth disease causes substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses in livestock, requiring comprehensive information on etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis to guide practical case management and research in endemic regions like Pakistan.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of foot-and-mouth disease in livestock, emphasizing diagnostic techniques and economic impacts to aid field management in endemic areas like Pakistan.
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FMD remains a livestock threat via multiple routes; leaves open updated serotype-specific control strategies.
Abdullah Azeem (2020) studied this question.
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