What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Other. Population: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Intervention: Environmental contamination vs. Direct contact. Primary outcome: Contributions of direct contact and environmental contamination to FMDV transmission.

What does this research mean for the field?

Environmental transmission likely accounts for the majority of foot-and-mouth disease virus infections within a cattle herd during an outbreak, underscoring the critical need for rapid detection to reduce farm-to-farm spread. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

Determine the relative contributions of direct physical contact versus environmental contamination in the spread of foot-and-mouth disease virus within cattle herds.

January 8, 2024EpidemicsOpen Access

Inferring transmission routes for foot-and-mouth disease virus within a cattle herd using approximate Bayesian computation

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Key result

Environmental transmission likely drives most FMDV infections in cattle herds during outbreaks.

Why the study?

Understanding different transmission routes and their contributions to pathogen spread is essential to control infectious disease outbreaks and inform efficient detection and control policies.

Population

Data from transmission experiments and the 2007 epidemic in Great Britain

Comparison

Direct contact vs environmental contamination

Design

Individual-based transmission modeling using approximate Bayesian computation with sequential Monte Carlo sampling

Authors

JEJohn EllisJohns Hopkins University EBEmma BrownThe Pirbright Institute CCClaire ColenuttThe Pirbright Institute

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

May warrant environmental mitigation in cattle herds; leaves open prospective validation before practice change.

Key Points

Determine the relative contributions of direct physical contact versus environmental contamination in the spread of foot-and-mouth disease virus within cattle herds.
Formulated an individual-based epidemiological model incorporating direct contact and environmental pathogen transmission pathways.
Calibrated model parameters using approximate Bayesian computation with sequential Monte Carlo (ABC-SMC) on data from experimental trials and the 2007 Great Britain epidemic.
Parameters estimated from controlled transmission experiments successfully generalized to field outbreaks for closely related viral strains.
Environmental contamination was estimated to account for the majority of within-herd infections across simulated outbreaks, despite high inter-outbreak variability.
Pathogen accumulation in the environment substantially increased between-farm transmission risk via fomites, which is strongly curtailed by rapid farm-level detection.

Structured PICO

Population

Cattle herd (data from transmission experiments and the 2007 epidemic in Great Britain)

Intervention

Individual-based model using approximate Bayesian computation with sequential Monte Carlo sampling (ABC-SMC) to assess transmission routes

Outcome

Contributions of direct contact and environmental contamination to the transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)

Environmental contamination is a major driver of FMDV transmission within cattle herds, highlighting the importance of rapid detection to prevent spread.

Limitations

There is a lot of variation between simulated outbreaks

Cite This Study

Ellis et al. (2024) studied Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Environmental contamination vs. Direct contact was evaluated on Contributions of direct contact and environmental contamination to FMDV transmission. Environmental transmission likely contributes a majority of foot-and-mouth disease virus infections within a cattle herd during an outbreak, highlighting the importance of rapid detection.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a127df945487b7639a6985e https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2024.100740

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Inferring transmission routes for foot-and-mouth disease virus within a cattle herd using approximate Bayesian computation

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Inferring transmission routes for foot-and-mouth disease virus within a cattle herd using approximate Bayesian computation

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider