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Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1. On the role of relatedness in the creative destruction of regional and metropolitan economies, see Essleztbichler (Citation2013).2. For an overview of recent research on path dependence, see Henning et al. (Citation2013).3. Beer and Clower (Citation2013) review concepts of leadership and note that local leadership can play an important role in guiding places to alternative development paths. See also Rodríguez-Pose (Citation2013), who notes that leadership is, perhaps, the 'missing variable' in understanding why some places grow and others languish.4. On smart specialization-based regional policy-design challenges, see McCann and Ortega-Argilés (Citation2014).5. In contrast, there is only mixed evidence on the impact of the recession on areas with high levels of unemployment, in large part because of problems in the data on unemployment (Beatty and Fothergill, Citation2005).6. For a very long-run analysis of cities, skill and regional change in the United States, see Glaeser et al. (Citation2014), who outline ten stylized facts about regional decline and resilience.7. Bailey et al. (Citation2014) highlight how regional policy responses to shock closures must be multidimensional so as to transcend narrow sector-based concerns, inclusive in that they build on a broad coalition of economic and social stakeholders, and long-term so as to foster adaptability.
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