Key result
High-intensity interval exercise transiently reduces FMD by ~6% in older men with T2DM.
Why the study?
It was unknown whether type 2 diabetes mellitus influences the vascular function response to aerobic exercise.
Does acute aerobic exercise (HIIE and MICE) alter vascular function in adults with and without T2DM?
RCT (n=36)
Open-label
Block randomized
No
Does acute aerobic exercise (HIIE and MICE) alter vascular function in adults with and without T2DM?
Effect estimate: Difference -5.94% (95% CI -10.50 to -1.38%)
p-value: p=0.002
Acute aerobic exercise uncovers transient, disease-associated vascular alterations in older adults with T2DM, with HIIE reducing and MICE increasing flow-mediated dilation.
Transient vascular sensitivity to HIIE in T2DM suggests monitoring intensity; hypothesis-generating for tailored protocols pending larger trials.
It is unknown whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) influences the vascular function response to aerobic exercise. We examined brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and flow-mediated slowing (FMS) of pulse wave velocity (PWV), 10-and 60-min after a high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in adults with and without T2DM. Twelve older male adults with T2DM (57-84 years), and twenty-four healthy young and older adults (12 per group, aged 20-40 years and 57-76 years, respectively), completed an acute bout of HIIE, MICE, and a non-exercise condition. FMD was evaluated by the same researcher following standardized guidelines. FMS was calculated from the manufacturer's PWV beta formulas. Central arterial stiffness was estimated via carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV). %FMD was reduced (d= - 5.94%, 95% CI: - 10.50 to - 1.38%, p = 0.002), whereas %FMS increased (d = 4.55%, 95% CI: 0.62 to 8.48%, p = 0.01), 10-min after HIIE only in adults with T2DM, normalizing 60-min into recovery. Conversely, %FMD was increased (d = 5.33%, 95% CI: 0.76 to 9.89%, p = 0.009) 10-min after MICE only in adults with T2DM. cfPWV remained unchanged following HIIE and MICE in all groups. We report disease-associated vascular function responses to aerobic exercise suggesting both HIIE and MICE uncover transient vascular alterations in older adults with T2DM.
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Marôco et al. (2025) conducted an RCT in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=36). High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) vs. Non-exercise condition (CON) was evaluated on Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (%FMD) 10-min post-HIIE in T2DM adults (Difference -5.94%, 95% CI -10.50 to -1.38%, p=0.002). High-intensity interval exercise transiently reduced brachial artery flow-mediated dilation by 5.94% 10 minutes post-exercise in older male adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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