Key result
Proposed CMOS ECG amplifier achieves high common-mode rejection while consuming just ~1 μW of power.
Why the study?
ECG signals have low amplitude and are susceptible to noise, requiring high gain, high common mode rejection ratio, and ultra-low-power low-noise analog front-ends for wearable devices.
The proposed 180nm CMOS ECG amplifier achieves high gain and common mode rejection with ultra-low power consumption, demonstrating potential for use in smart wearable devices.
May enable ultra-low-power wearable ECG monitoring; leaves open clinical validation before practice adoption.
Wearable biomedical devices for recording electrocardiograms (ECG) are becoming more and more popular as they provide clinicians with a comprehensive view of a patient's diagnosis. ECG signals are characterized by low amplitude and are susceptible to many kinds of noise, so high gain and high common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) are essential to suppress them, while ultra-low power low noise (AFE) is used for Analog front-end for ECG signal acquisition, based on a Drive Right Leg (DRL) circuit that combines common-mode feedback with high CMRR and a notch filter band with a cutoff frequency of 50, implemented in CMOS 180 nm technology. According to the simulation results, this front-end circuit can yield a mid-band gain of 50.75 dB at -3dB bandwidth from 100mHz to 100 Hz, a Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) of 113 dB, and a Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) of 102 dB, exhibit an input-referred noise (IRN) of 1.47 μVrms from 0.1 Hz to 1kHz，corresponding to a noise efficiency factor (NEF) of 2.74. The AFE consumes 1.08 μW from the 1.8V supply voltage.
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Laababid et al. (2022) studied Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Low-Power Low-Noise ECG Amplifier (180nm CMOS) was evaluated on Amplifier performance metrics (Gain, CMRR, PSRR, IRN, NEF, Power consumption). The proposed ECG amplifier implemented in 180nm CMOS technology achieved a mid-band gain of 50.75 dB, CMRR of 102 dB, and input-referred noise of 1.47 μVrms while consuming 1.08 μW of power.
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