Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Existing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) detection systems are ad hoc and designed as stand-alone nodes. This article, however, presents an integrated end-to-end wireless sensor network (WSN) system that integrates hardware and software for early warning gas leakage detection and monitoring applications, fully utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) functionalities and capabilities in WSNs at the network level such that network performance is improved. The proposed system can operate in single- and multihop modes depending on the surrounding radio frequency environment and network topology. Specifically, we design a per-deployed WSN system for LPG detection/monitoring in residential areas and factories that collects, analyzes, and forwards the collected information over a wireless channel to the monitoring center to take the appropriate action. To achieve a reliable communication and data delivery, we implement an efficient communication protocol that organizes the data exchange between different nodes in the network. The proposed WSN system is deployed and experimentally tested. The data acquired from the various experiments are used to examine the reliable operation of the implemented system in terms of robustness and data delivery reliability. Robust and reliable performance is demonstrated with packet loss rate as low as 5%. The experimental results also indicate that the proposed system can promptly detect gas leakage within 50 ms and provide accurate gas concentration measurements with 97% accuracy.
Salameh et al. (Thu,) studied this question.